Astronomy and Astrophysics: Recent Developments by Lemos J.P. (ed.)

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By Lemos J.P. (ed.)

Court cases of the tenth Portuguese assembly: Centra, Lisbon, Portugal, 27-28 July 2000

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These scenarios are assisted hybrid inflation and hybrid inflation on the brane. II. Initial conditions for hybrid inflation We assume that the Universe is described by a flat Friedmann-RobertsonWalker model with scale factor a(t). We consider the original hybrid inflation potential, given by V{2 + \X'2o2 where

> inst = y/X/X' M the potential has a local minimum at a = 0, corresponding to a false vacuum, while for (j> < 4>-mst the axis a = 0 becomes a local maximum and the potential has two minima a± at = 0, a — ±M.

Rev. D (2000). 31 7. B. A. Bassett, S. Liberati, C. Molina-Paris and M. Visser, astroph/0001441 (2000). 8. P. P. Avelino, R. R. Caldwell and C. J. A. P. Martins, Phys. Rev. D59, 123509, (1999); C. Contaldi, M. Hindmarsh and J. Magueijo, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 2034 (1999); R. A. Battye and J. Weller, Phys. Rev. D61, 043501 (2000). 9. P. S. Shellard, Phys. Rev. P. S. Shellard, Phys. Rev. P. D. Thesis, University of Cambridge (1997). 10. C. J. A. P. Martins, E. P. S. Shellard and B. Allen, 'Extending the Velocity-dependent One-scale String Evolution Model', hep-ph/0003298, submitted to Phys.

It also requires our understanding of the possible systematic errors that might affect the determinations of the supernovae apparent magnitudes as a function of the redshift. For this reason it is of crucial importance to determine those properties of the supernova that might affect their use in Cosmology. Namely it is important to study the empirical lightcurve width-luminosity relation and the associated stretch factor s, the observed dispersion in B-band luminosity peak 39 and abnormal galactic dust affecting the determination of the SN magnitude.

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