Drilling Fluid Engineering [Exercises] by P. Skalle

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What is the ECD in this situation? c) At 1800 m the formation fracture pressure is 228 bar. Check if everything is OK. 5 ECD. Temperature change A new mud was being prepared for the 8 ½” section. The 13 3/8” csg shoe was located at 15 000 ft vertical depth. While drilling at 16 500 ft the well started losing mud and it was decided to lower the MW from 15 to 14 PPG. 5 PPG. The mud was mixed to 14 PPG with an effective viscosity of 40 and 30 cP at 600 and 300 RPM respectively, at an average surface mud temperature of 40 °C.

The atomic radius of potassium is greater than that of sodium. Therefore, the single valence electron that exists for all alkali metal is located fartherer from the nukleus for potassium than sodium. This results in less energy required to remove that valence electron from potassium than from sodium, leading to increased reactivity. e. Rubidium is more reactive than K. e. it gels or sets when stationary or in low laminar flow, but becomes less viscousduring circulation and when rigorously shaken by the shale shaker c) A large proportion of the mechanical energy in the form of WOB, rotation and hydraulic energy is dissipated as heat.

C) How do you prevent clay swelling problem? d) How does water activity of the water phase in OBM influence on wellbore stability? 8 Shale stability For water not to enter and cause swelling of shale, in which the “mechanical” confining pressure has been relieved by drilling through it, the activity of the water in the mud (including the water phase in oil based) and in the shale must be equal. The activity of the water in the water phase in shale cuttings is measured in the field using an electro hygrometer.

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