Efficiency and Sustainability in Biofuel Production: by Barnabas Gikonyo

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By Barnabas Gikonyo

This name incorporates a variety of Open entry chapters.

The world's curiosity in lowering petroleum use has ended in the speedy improvement of the biofuel during the last decade or so. besides the fact that, there's expanding predicament over how present food-based biofuels impact either meals defense and the surroundings. Second-generation biofuels, despite the fact that, use commonly on hand resources equivalent to non-food lignocellulosic-based biomass and fat, oils, and greases. They make useful attention of ways land use can concurrently help either the world's nutrients wishes and a few of its power needs.

This quantity consolidates probably the most contemporary investigations into those concerns. The chapters specialise in those different types of analysis:

  • The difficulties at the moment hooked up with biofuels when it comes to land use and the environment
  • Investigations into the potential of land use to be controlled extra successfully and sustainably
  • Research that specializes in new and constructing ideas for second-generation biofuels

This quantity is usually recommended for all biofuel researchers, from the PhD pupil to the skilled scientist. It additionally bargains a necessary beginning to somebody attracted to how biofuels relate to the way forward for our world.

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Extra resources for Efficiency and Sustainability in Biofuel Production: Environmental and Land-Use Research

Sample text

TABLE 4: Direct and indirect LUC factor in g eq. CO2/MJ annualized on 20 years for different pathways and different national policy schemes in Europe. d+i LUC (g eq. , 2011)* (Reinhard and Zah)** (Brandao, 2011)*** (ADEME, 2010)**** Mix biodiesel Europe 122–127 – – – Rapeseed – –145–307 –280–380 –48–99 – –38−444 – –11,6−120 (Reinhard and Zah, 2011) Soy – –85–125 (Reinhard and Zah, 2009) Palm – 193 (Reinhard and Zah, 2009) *Spain, raw material supply areas: Europe, US, Canada, Malaysia – LUC types considered (grassland-cropland, forest-cropland, others), different coproduct effect levels, **Switzerland, raw material supply areas: Switzerland, Brazil, Malaysia, ***UK, raw material supply areas: UK-alternatively expansion, substitution of lands, intensification of crops, different LUC types, different biofuel consumption levels, ****France, raw material supply areas: Europe, Brazil, US, Malaysia, Indonesia, different LUC types.

Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions impacts of the adoption of the EU Directive on biofuels in Spain. Effect of the import of raw materials and land use changes. Biomass and Bioenergy 35: 2374−2384. 34. Lepage C. 2013. Projet de rapport sur la proposition de directive du Parlement européen et du Conseil modifiant la directive 98/70/CE concernant la qualité de l’essence et des carburants diesel et modifiant la directive 2009/28/CE relative à la promotion de l’utilisation de l’énergie produite à partir de sources renouvelables (COM(2012)0595 – C70337/2012 – 2012/0288(COD)), Commission de l’Environnement, de la santé publique et de la sécurité alimentaire.

Multiple biorefinery configurations are presented to evaluate different conversion scenarios and how this affects GHG emissions, petroleum offset credits, and net energy yield (NEY) values. Biorefinery scenarios evaluated in this study are: (i) a natural gas (NG) dry mill corn grain ethanol plant with dry distillers grain (DDGS) as a co-product for the corn grain-only harvests [23]–[25], (ii) a co-located dry mill corn grain and cellulosic ethanol plant with combined heat and power (CHP) and DDGS co-product, where corn stover is primarily used to displace dry mill ethanol plant natural gas requirements [25], [26], (iii) and a standalone cellulosic (switchgrass or corn stover) ethanol plant (sequential hydrolysis and fermentation) with CHP capability and electricity export [22], [27]–[29].

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