Integrating biological control into conservation practice by Van Driesche, Roy

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By Van Driesche, Roy

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As does the sterile insect release method). In some cases, urgency may influence the choice and sequence of pest control actions. For example, fast‐acting but expensive or difficult‐to‐implement control methods might be used initially against an invasive species to provide immediate relief to a species threatened with extinction and gain time to develop long‐lasting, sustainable control methods. , 2013). Measures that can be implemented immediately, such as treating nests with low toxicity insecticides, Integrating Biological Control into Conservation Practice, First Edition.

Volunteers, student interns, or prison crews are often used to reduce the costs of such efforts where areas are small enough, but for larger areas professional contractors are typically hired. The success of these efforts varies widely and depends on the particular invader targeted and the local ecological context. If control is accompanied by a shift in ecological conditions toward ones that are unsuitable for the invading species, the effect of suppression may be long term. However, in many cases, suppression is temporary and cessation of control efforts often permits regrowth or re‐invasion of the species being controlled, or invasion by another species (Jäger and Kowarik, 2010).

Invader biology The characteristics that make a species a successful invader can also make it hard to control. Traits that can affect the utility of particular control options include the dispersal rate of an organism (affecting rate of colonization and re‐ infestation), its body size (large species are easier to spot and attack, while different strategies are needed for smaller species), and its taxonomic group (for example, control options for vertebrates and fungi differ dramatically). Also, some species promote the invasion of other species, so community‐level factors may also affect control.

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