Islamic political identity in Turkey by M. Hakan Yavuz

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By M. Hakan Yavuz

In November of 2002, the Justice and improvement celebration swept to victory within the Turkish parliamentary elections. as a result party's Islamic roots, its electoral triumph has sparked a number of questions either in Turkey and within the West: Does the celebration harbor a mystery Islamist schedule? Will the recent executive search to overturn approximately a century of secularization stemming from Kemal Atatürk's early-twentieth-century reforms? so much essentially, is Islam appropriate with democracy? during this penetrating paintings, M. Hakan Yavuz seeks to reply to those questions, and to supply a finished research of Islamic political identification in Turkey. He starts off within the early 20th century, while Kemal Atatürk led Turkey via a strategy of swift secularization and beaten Islamic competition to his authoritarian rule. Yavuz argues that, considering Atatürk's loss of life in 1938, besides the fact that, Turkey has been steadily relocating clear of his militant secularism and experiencing "a quiet Muslim reformation." Islamic political id isn't really homogeneous, says Yavuz, yet could be glossy and revolutionary in addition to conservative and most likely authoritarian. whereas the West has normally obvious Kemalism as an engine for reform opposed to "reactionary" political Islam, in truth the Kemalist institution has commonly used the "Islamic hazard" as an excuse to prevent democratization and hence carry directly to energy. Yavuz bargains an account of the "soft coup" of 1997, within which the Kemalist military-bureaucratic institution overthrew the democratically elected coalition executive, which used to be led by way of the pro-Islamic Refah celebration. He argues that the gentle coup plunged Turkey right into a renewed legitimacy quandary that could simply be resolved via the liberalization of the political approach. The e-book ends with a dialogue of the newest election and its implications for Turkey and the Muslim international. Yavuz argues that Islamic social activities might be very important brokers for selling a democratic and pluralistic society, and that the Turkish instance holds long-term promise for the remainder of the Muslim international. according to wide fieldwork and interviews, this paintings bargains a worldly new figuring out of the function of political Islam in a single of the world's so much strategically vital international locations

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The goal of forging a standardized modern religious identity requires a leader to determine the deWnitive dogma and practices. Thus dialogue is problematic for state-oriented Islamic movements and may cause erosion of their memberships. Another deWning feature of state-oriented Islamic identity is that this identity, in seeking to accommodate itself to a hostile environment, has attempted to assimilate the external world into its own religious dogma. This identity is characterized by textual uniformity and a desire for homogeneity.

Statecentric Islamic identity evolved in Turkey as society was encouraged to proceed along a “civilizing” project to create a homogeneous nation-state. The Republican state broke down traditional ties and culture with the intention of forging a homogeneous and obedient nation-state. Some individuals and groups, however, refused to submit to this new state-sponsored secular-rationalistic faith. 48 This nationalist project of constructing a new society has had a islamic social movements 29 great “model-setting” impact on current Islamic movements.

It also stopped the persecution of Nursi. This new political opening facilitated the dissemination of his message of raising religious consciousness. ” These textual communities evolved into a major social movement, the Nur movement, with powerful economic, cultural, and political capital. The Nur movement represents a shift from oral to print Islam. This process of allowing Nursi’s students to participate in politics and to distribute his writings was the turning point for the open emergence of Islamic social movements in the Republican period.

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